The role of 1,2-hexanediol in skincare products

The role of 1,2-hexanediol in skincare
1,2-hexanediol is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H14O2. It belongs to the diol class and has low viscosity, colorless, and odorless liquid characteristics. It is widely used in the skincare industry. This ingredient originates from petrochemical or biological fermentation processes, and its molecular structure contains two hydroxyl groups, giving it unique hydrophilicity and solubility. In skincare formulas, 1,2-hexanediol plays multiple roles, with core functions including moisturizing agent, solvent, and preservative adjuvant. As a moisturizer, it can attract and lock in skin moisture, bind with the stratum corneum of the skin through hydrogen bonding, reduce water evaporation, and improve skin dryness. This mechanism is similar to the function of natural moisturizing factors, but 1,2-hexanediol has a moderate molecular size, strong penetration, and can be quickly absorbed by the skin without leaving a greasy feeling. Experimental studies have shown that 1,2-hexanediol can significantly enhance skin hydration at concentrations ranging from 1% to 5%, making it suitable for various skin types, especially sensitive skin.
As a solvent, 1,2-hexanediol helps dissolve other active ingredients such as vitamin C, retinol, or plant extracts, ensuring their uniform distribution and stable release in the formula. It reduces the viscosity of the formula, improves the smoothness of the product texture, and makes lotion or essence easy to apply and absorb. In the anti-corrosion system, 1,2-hexanediol collaborates with other preservatives such as phenoxyethanol or potassium sorbate to inhibit microbial growth and extend product shelf life. Its mechanism of action involves disrupting the integrity of bacterial cell membranes, reducing bacterial enzyme activity, and thus preventing spoilage. The safety assessment shows that the concentration of 1,2-hexanediol used in skincare products usually does not exceed 10%. After skin irritation testing, the allergic reaction rate is less than 0.1%, which meets international cosmetic safety standards such as the EU SCCS guidelines.
1, There are numerous specific application examples of 2-hexanediol in skincare products. In moisturizers, it is often combined with glycerin or hyaluronic acid to form a multi-layered moisturizing network that enhances skin elasticity. For example, a night repair essence may contain 3% of 1,2-hexanediol, combined with peptide ingredients, to promote collagen synthesis and reduce the appearance of fine lines. In sunscreen products, it acts as a solvent to help disperse UV filters, ensuring even coverage of the skin surface and avoiding white shavings. Consumer feedback indicates that products containing 1,2-hexanediol typically have a refreshing texture, do not clog pores, and are suitable for oily skin. Compared to other diols such as propylene glycol and 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-hexanediol has lower irritancy, good skin tolerance, and long-term use will not lead to dependence.
In terms of potential risks, high concentrations of 1,2-hexanediol may cause mild skin irritation, such as temporary redness or itching, especially on damaged skin. It is recommended that first-time users undergo patch testing to ensure no adverse reactions. Environmental safety studies indicate that 1,2-hexanediol has high biodegradability and low risk of water pollution, which complies with environmental regulations. In formula development, brand manufacturers optimize the concentration ratio to avoid overlapping with other irritating ingredients. Industry trends show that the application of 1,2-hexanediol in natural organic skincare products is growing because it can replace traditional preservatives and reduce chemical burden. Actual cases include well-known brands such as Estee Lauder's essence liquid, in which 1,2-hexanediol is used to stabilize vitamin E and antioxidant and improve the efficacy of the product.
1, The advantages of 2-hexanediol are also reflected in cost-effectiveness. As a multifunctional additive, it reduces the amount of auxiliary ingredients required in the formula, lowers production costs, and maintains high efficiency performance. Clinical tests have shown that after continuous use of products containing 1,2-hexanediol for four weeks, the average skin moisture content increases by 15% and fine lines decrease by 10%. Future research focuses on the combination of nanotechnology to enhance its delivery capability. When consumers choose skincare products, they pay attention to the position of 1,2-hexanediol on the ingredient list, usually ranking high indicates a high concentration. It is recommended to pair mild cleansing products with daily skincare to avoid excessive cleansing that can damage the skin barrier. Overall, 1,2-hexanediol supports skin health through scientific mechanisms and is an essential ingredient in modern skincare products.